[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":845},["ShallowReactive",2],{"\u002Fcn\u002Fnetwork\u002Fftp\u002Fandroid-automotive":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":810,"extension":811,"meta":812,"navigation":840,"path":841,"seo":842,"stem":843,"__hash__":844},"networks\u002Fcn\u002Fnetwork\u002Fftp\u002Fandroid-automotive.md","Android 汽车上的 FTP 协议 — 汽车系统的网络传输",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":775},"minimark",[9,14,18,21,24,29,32,38,54,59,73,77,88,91,95,98,112,118,121,124,130,133,136,141,147,152,158,161,199,202,205,208,275,281,284,287,301,304,307,327,330,333,336,339,366,369,373,376,391,394,397,408,411,414,504,510,513,516,527,530,556,559,573,576,579,582,613,616,619,622,651,654,730,736,739,771],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"android-automotive-上的-ftp-协议-技术深入探讨","Android Automotive 上的 FTP 协议 — 技术深入探讨",[15,16,17],"p",{},"您汽车的 Android Automotive 信息娱乐系统使用与任何联网设备相同的协议栈与 FTP 服务器进行通信。主要区别在于上下文：传输主要发生在停在家庭 WiFi 上时，汽车的电源管理会影响连接持久性，而大触摸屏使服务器导航变得舒适。",[15,19,20],{},"本页介绍了汽车硬件上 ​​FTP 的协议级细节 — 连接机制、电源状态处理、WiFi 注意事项以及基于汽车的文件传输的服务器优化。",[10,22,23],{"id":23},"汽车领域的网络架构",[25,26,28],"h3",{"id":27},"汽车-wifi-连接","汽车 WiFi 连接",[15,30,31],{},"Android 汽车在两种情况下连接 WiFi：",[15,33,34],{},[35,36,37],"strong",{},"家庭\u002F已知 WiFi（主要用于 FTP）：",[39,40,41,45,48,51],"ul",{},[42,43,44],"li",{},"车辆停放在家庭 WiFi 范围内的车库\u002F车道上",[42,46,47],{},"坚固、稳定的连接",[42,49,50],{},"全速访问本地网络资源",[42,52,53],{},"同一 LAN 上的 FTP 服务器可直接访问",[15,55,56],{},[35,57,58],{},"移动热点\u002F公共 WiFi：",[39,60,61,64,67,70],{},[42,62,63],{},"电话或便携式热点连接",[42,65,66],{},"变速和稳定性",[42,68,69],{},"可以访问互联网 FTP 服务器（出于安全考虑，不推荐）",[42,71,72],{},"带宽有限",[25,74,76],{"id":75},"ftp-数据流","FTP 数据流",[78,79,84],"pre",{"className":80,"code":82,"language":83},[81],"language-text","[Car Infotainment] ←WiFi→ [Router] ←Ethernet→ [NAS\u002FFTP Server]\n         ↑                                           ↑\n    AnExplorer FTP client               FTP server (port 21)\n    Passive data channels               Passive port range\n","text",[85,86,82],"code",{"__ignoreMap":87},"",[15,89,90],{},"所有流量都流经家庭路由器。汽车只是网络上的另一个客户端，就像电话或笔记本电脑一样。不需要特殊的基础设施。",[25,92,94],{"id":93},"ip配置","IP配置",[15,96,97],{},"大多数汽车通过 DHCP 从家庭路由器接收 IP：",[39,99,100,103,106,109],{},[42,101,102],{},"汽车被分配IP（例如，192.168.1.X）",[42,104,105],{},"可以到达同一子网上的任何设备",[42,107,108],{},"DNS 解析适用于主机名",[42,110,111],{},"车端无需静态IP",[15,113,114,117],{},[35,115,116],{},"提示："," 为您的 NAS\u002FFTP 服务器提供静态 IP 或 DHCP 保留，以便汽车保存的 FTP 书签始终连接到正确的地址。",[10,119,120],{"id":120},"协议机制",[25,122,123],{"id":123},"连接建立",[78,125,128],{"className":126,"code":127,"language":83},[81],"Car → Server: TCP SYN to port 21\nServer → Car: TCP SYN-ACK\nCar → Server: TCP ACK (connection established)\nServer → Car: 220 Welcome banner\nCar → Server: USER car-sync\nServer → Car: 331 Password required\nCar → Server: PASS ********\nServer → Car: 230 Login successful\n",[85,129,127],{"__ignoreMap":87},[15,131,132],{},"标准 FTP 握手。汽车的 Android 网络堆栈处理 TCP 建立。AnExplorer 管理 FTP 协议层。",[25,134,135],{"id":135},"传输操作",[15,137,138],{},[35,139,140],{},"下载（RETR）：",[78,142,145],{"className":143,"code":144,"language":83},[81],"Car → Server: TYPE I (binary mode)\nCar → Server: PASV\nServer → Car: 227 (passive port: server:50001)\nCar → Server: RETR \u002Fmedia\u002Fmusic\u002Falbum\u002Ftrack.flac\nCar ← Server: [file data flows on passive connection]\nServer → Car: 226 Transfer complete\n",[85,146,144],{"__ignoreMap":87},[15,148,149],{},[35,150,151],{},"上传（STOR）：",[78,153,156],{"className":154,"code":155,"language":83},[81],"Car → Server: PASV\nServer → Car: 227 (passive port)\nCar → Server: STOR \u002Fupload\u002Fdashcam\u002F2024-01-15.mp4\nCar → Server: [file data flows from car]\nCar → Server: 226 Transfer complete\n",[85,157,155],{"__ignoreMap":87},[25,159,160],{"id":160},"目录操作",[39,162,163,169,175,181,187,193],{},[42,164,165,168],{},[35,166,167],{},"LIST："," 完整目录列表（用于浏览）",[42,170,171,174],{},[35,172,173],{},"NLST："," 仅名称列表（更轻，更快）",[42,176,177,180],{},[35,178,179],{},"MKD:"," 创建目录（用于上传组织）",[42,182,183,186],{},[35,184,185],{},"CWD："," 更改目录（导航）",[42,188,189,192],{},[35,190,191],{},"PWD:"," 打印工作目录（当前位置）",[42,194,195,198],{},[35,196,197],{},"SIZE："," 下载前获取文件大小",[10,200,201],{"id":201},"汽车特定注意事项",[25,203,204],{"id":204},"电源管理",[15,206,207],{},"汽车信息娱乐系统具有独特的电源状态：",[209,210,211,227],"table",{},[212,213,214],"thead",{},[215,216,217,221,224],"tr",{},[218,219,220],"th",{},"状态",[218,222,223],{},"无线网络",[218,225,226],{},"FTP 影响",[228,229,230,242,253,264],"tbody",{},[215,231,232,236,239],{},[233,234,235],"td",{},"发动机启动，停放",[233,237,238],{},"✅ 活跃",[233,240,241],{},"完整的 FTP 功能",[215,243,244,247,250],{},[233,245,246],{},"发动机关闭，显示屏开启",[233,248,249],{},"✅ 平时活跃",[233,251,252],{},"FTP 一直工作到系统休眠为止",[215,254,255,258,261],{},[233,256,257],{},"发动机关闭，显示屏关闭",[233,259,260],{},"⚠️ 可能会超时",[233,262,263],{},"连接可能会断开",[215,265,266,269,272],{},[233,267,268],{},"深度睡眠",[233,270,271],{},"❌ 关闭",[233,273,274],{},"没有网络访问",[15,276,277,280],{},[35,278,279],{},"为了实现可靠的 FTP："," 在传输过程中保持汽车“清醒”。在大多数车辆上，启用信息娱乐显示屏可以保持 WiFi 处于活动状态。某些车辆允许“附件模式”（点火至 ACC），该模式可在不运行发动机的情况下维持系统电源。",[25,282,283],{"id":283},"热注意事项",[15,285,286],{},"汽车的计算硬件可能会在极端温度下发生热节流：",[39,288,289,292,295,298],{},[42,290,291],{},"阳光下的热车：CPU 节流可能会减慢传输速度",[42,293,294],{},"冬天冷车：电池可能会限制系统功率",[42,296,297],{},"气候控制有帮助：调节驾驶室也能让电子设备保持舒适",[42,299,300],{},"对 FTP 的影响：热负载下传输速度稍慢，但功能正常",[25,302,303],{"id":303},"存储系统",[15,305,306],{},"Android 汽车具有：",[39,308,309,315,321],{},[42,310,311,314],{},[35,312,313],{},"内部闪存："," 通常为 32-128 GB。快速输入\u002F输出。主要下载目的地。",[42,316,317,320],{},[35,318,319],{},"USB 驱动器："," 通过汽车的 USB 端口连接。速度取决于 USB 版本和驱动器。",[42,322,323,326],{},[35,324,325],{},"SD​​ 卡插槽："," 某些车辆包含这些。与USB性能类似。",[15,328,329],{},"FTP 下载会写入您在 AnExplorer 中导航到的任何存储。内部存储速度最快；USB更便携。",[10,331,332],{"id":332},"针对汽车使用的服务器优化",[25,334,335],{"id":335},"超时配置",[15,337,338],{},"汽车可能会缓慢导航（触摸界面、短暂中断）。慷慨地设置服务器超时：",[78,340,344],{"className":341,"code":342,"language":343,"meta":87,"style":87},"language-ini shiki shiki-themes material-theme-lighter material-theme material-theme-palenight","# Server-side recommended settings\nidle_session_timeout=300    # 5 minutes idle before disconnect\ndata_connection_timeout=300  # 5 minutes for data channel\n","ini",[85,345,346,354,360],{"__ignoreMap":87},[347,348,351],"span",{"class":349,"line":350},"line",1,[347,352,353],{},"# Server-side recommended settings\n",[347,355,357],{"class":349,"line":356},2,[347,358,359],{},"idle_session_timeout=300    # 5 minutes idle before disconnect\n",[347,361,363],{"class":349,"line":362},3,[347,364,365],{},"data_connection_timeout=300  # 5 minutes for data channel\n",[15,367,368],{},"如果您停下来看看道路或与车辆控制进行交互，默认超时（通常为 60 秒）可能会在正常浏览期间断开汽车连接。",[25,370,372],{"id":371},"传输恢复休息","传输恢复（休息）",[15,374,375],{},"启用服务器端恢复支持。如果汽车的 WiFi 在传输过程中掉线（超出范围、信号干扰），则当连接恢复时可以恢复下载：",[78,377,379],{"className":341,"code":378,"language":343,"meta":87,"style":87},"# Most servers enable this by default\n# Verify with: FEAT command should list REST STREAM\n",[85,380,381,386],{"__ignoreMap":87},[347,382,383],{"class":349,"line":350},[347,384,385],{},"# Most servers enable this by default\n",[347,387,388],{"class":349,"line":356},[347,389,390],{},"# Verify with: FEAT command should list REST STREAM\n",[25,392,393],{"id":393},"目录列出速度",[15,395,396],{},"对于大型媒体库，如果一个文件夹中有数千个文件，目录列表可能会很慢。优化：",[39,398,399,402,405],{},[42,400,401],{},"将每个文件夹的文件数控制在 \u003C 100 个以内，以便快速列出",[42,403,404],{},"使用子目录进行组织（艺术家→专辑→曲目）",[42,406,407],{},"避免非常深的嵌套（汽车触摸屏导航速度足够慢，没有 10 层）",[10,409,410],{"id":410},"传输性能基准",[15,412,413],{},"在典型汽车硬件上进行测试：",[209,415,416,432],{},[212,417,418],{},[215,419,420,423,426,429],{},[218,421,422],{},"内容",[218,424,425],{},"文件大小",[218,427,428],{},"5GHz WiFi 时间",[218,430,431],{},"2.4GHz WiFi 时间",[228,433,434,448,462,476,490],{},[215,435,436,439,442,445],{},[233,437,438],{},"MP3歌曲",[233,440,441],{},"5 MB",[233,443,444],{},"\u003C 1 秒",[233,446,447],{},"1-2 秒",[215,449,450,453,456,459],{},[233,451,452],{},"FLAC专辑",[233,454,455],{},"400 MB",[233,457,458],{},"4-20 秒",[233,460,461],{},"20-80 秒",[215,463,464,467,470,473],{},[233,465,466],{},"电影 (1080p)",[233,468,469],{},"2GB",[233,471,472],{},"20-100 秒",[233,474,475],{},"100-400 秒",[215,477,478,481,484,487],{},[233,479,480],{},"播客批次（10 eps）",[233,482,483],{},"300 MB",[233,485,486],{},"3-15 秒",[233,488,489],{},"15-60 秒",[215,491,492,495,498,501],{},[233,493,494],{},"行车记录仪上传（1 小时）",[233,496,497],{},"4GB",[233,499,500],{},"40-200 秒",[233,502,503],{},"200-800 秒",[15,505,506,509],{},[35,507,508],{},"如果您的路由器和汽车硬件支持，强烈建议汽车使用 5 GHz WiFi","。与 2.4 GHz 相比，吞吐量差异为 4-5 倍。",[10,511,512],{"id":512},"汽车环境中的安全性",[25,514,515],{"id":515},"威胁模型",[39,517,518,521,524],{},[42,519,520],{},"汽车使用家庭 WiFi → 与任何家庭设备具有相同的安全性",[42,522,523],{},"如果有人访问汽车系统，FTP 凭据就会面临风险",[42,525,526],{},"保存的书签，如果汽车解锁，则可以访问凭据",[25,528,529],{"id":529},"缓解措施",[39,531,532,538,544,550],{},[42,533,534,537],{},[35,535,536],{},"有限权限 FTP 帐户："," “car-sync”用户只能访问媒体和上传目录",[42,539,540,543],{},[35,541,542],{},"家庭 WiFi 加密："," WPA2\u002FWPA3 加密所有无线流量",[42,545,546,549],{},[35,547,548],{},"SFTP 替代方案："," 使用 SFTP 进行加密连接（稍慢但安全）",[42,551,552,555],{},[35,553,554],{},"车辆 PIN 码\u002F锁："," 使用安全 PIN 码保护信息娱乐系统",[25,557,558],{"id":558},"不该做什么",[39,560,561,564,567,570],{},[42,562,563],{},"不要将 FTP 暴露到互联网上以供汽车在室外访问",[42,565,566],{},"不要使用与您的管理员帐户相同的 FTP 凭据",[42,568,569],{},"不要将敏感文件（银行、个人文档）存储在汽车可访问的共享中",[42,571,572],{},"不要在没有 VPN 的情况下通过公共 WiFi 或蜂窝网络使用 FTP",[10,574,575],{"id":575},"与汽车工作流程集成",[25,577,578],{"id":578},"自动化内容管道",[15,580,581],{},"设置一个为汽车准备内容的服务器端系统：",[583,584,585,594,604],"ol",{},[42,586,587,590,591],{},[35,588,589],{},"服务器脚本","每晚运行：下载播客、组织音乐、将内容移动到",[85,592,593],{},"\u002Fcar-content\u002Fnew\u002F",[42,595,596,599,600,603],{},[35,597,598],{},"汽车例程","（在WiFi下停车时）：连接FTP，检查",[85,601,602],{},"\u002Fnew\u002F","文件夹，下载新鲜内容",[42,605,606,607,609,610],{},"**下载后：**服务器将文件从",[85,608,602],{},"移动到",[85,611,612],{},"\u002Farchived\u002F",[15,614,615],{},"这就创建了一个“邮箱”系统——服务器准备，汽车消费。",[25,617,618],{"id":618},"行车记录仪管道",[15,620,621],{},"对于行车记录仪录像备份：",[583,623,624,627,633,639,645],{},[42,625,626],{},"**日常驾驶：**行车记录仪记录到汽车的USB\u002F内部存储器",[42,628,629,632],{},[35,630,631],{},"晚上（停车）："," 打开AnExplorer → 连接 FTP → 导航至行车记录仪文件夹",[42,634,635,638],{},[35,636,637],{},"上传："," 将当天的录像发送到 NAS（服务器按日期组织）",[42,640,641,644],{},[35,642,643],{},"清理："," 从汽车存储（可用空间）中删除上传的片段",[42,646,647,650],{},[35,648,649],{},"NAS端："," 应用保留策略（保留最近30天，存档事件）",[10,652,653],{"id":653},"协议替代方案比较",[209,655,656,672],{},[212,657,658],{},[215,659,660,663,666,669],{},[218,661,662],{},"协议",[218,664,665],{},"最佳汽车用途",[218,667,668],{},"优势",[218,670,671],{},"限制",[228,673,674,688,702,716],{},[215,675,676,679,682,685],{},[233,677,678],{},"FTP",[233,680,681],{},"批量媒体加载",[233,683,684],{},"快速、简单",[233,686,687],{},"未加密",[215,689,690,693,696,699],{},[233,691,692],{},"SFTP",[233,694,695],{},"安全传输",[233,697,698],{},"加密",[233,700,701],{},"比 FTP 慢",[215,703,704,707,710,713],{},[233,705,706],{},"中小企业",[233,708,709],{},"媒体流",[233,711,712],{},"无需下载即可串流",[233,714,715],{},"依赖 WiFi 进行播放",[215,717,718,721,724,727],{},[233,719,720],{},"网络DAV",[233,722,723],{},"云\u002FNextcloud",[233,725,726],{},"防火墙友好",[233,728,729],{},"HTTPS 开销",[15,731,732,735],{},[35,733,734],{},"汽车建议："," FTP 用于将内容批量加载到内部存储。SMB 用于您不想在本地存储的流媒体。如果担心安全性，则使用 SFTP。",[10,737,738],{"id":738},"相关指南",[39,740,741,749,756,764],{},[42,742,743,748],{},[744,745,747],"a",{"href":746},"\u002Fcn\u002Ffeatures\u002Fftp-client\u002Fandroid-automotive","适用于 Android Automotive 的 FTP 客户端"," — FTP 功能概述",[42,750,751,755],{},[744,752,754],{"href":753},"\u002Fcn\u002Ffeatures\u002Fvideo-player\u002Fandroid-automotive","适用于 Android Automotive 的视频播放器"," — 播放下载的视频",[42,757,758,759,763],{},"Android Automotive 上的 ",[744,760,762],{"href":761},"\u002Fcn\u002Fnetwork\u002Fwebdav\u002Fandroid-automotive","WebDAV"," — 替代协议",[42,765,766,770],{},[744,767,769],{"href":768},"\u002Fcn\u002Ffeatures\u002Fmusic-player\u002Fandroid-tv","适用于 Android TV 的音乐播放器"," — 类似的音频设置",[772,773,774],"style",{},"html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: 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